Elementos de geometria fractal com o software Scratch na educação básica
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Tipo de documento
Dissertação
Data de publicação
2023
Departamento
Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação, Pesquisa e Extensão
Curso
Mestrado Profissional em Educação e Novas Tecnologias
Local de publicação
Curitiba, Brasil/Paraná
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Autor(es)
Mossulin, Ângela Vieira Leonel
Orientador(es)
Medeiros, Luciano Frontino de
Coorientador(es)
Membros da banca
Medeiros, Luciano Frontino de
Almeida, Siderly do Carmo Dahle de
Elias, Ana Paula de Andrade Janz
Leite, Álvaro Emílio
Resumo
Esta dissertação busca apresentar elementos da geometria fractal no intuito de
auxiliar a aprendizagem de conteúdos da Geometria Euclidiana do ensino
fundamental, utilizando-se a programação em blocos e tem como tema: Elementos da
geometria fractal utilizando o Software Scratch na Educação Básica. A pesquisa é de
natureza aplicada, exploratória e descritiva quanto aos objetivos e de abordagem
mista. Inicia a partir de uma revisão sistemática de literatura verificando o panorama
do ensino da geometria fractal na educação básica no período de 2018 a 2021 e uma
pesquisa de campo com com alunos do ensino fundamental II, na região sul do Brasil.
A revisão sistemática de literatura se deu de janeiro a abril de 2022 e a prática
pedagógica foi desenvolvida com estudantes do 9º ano do ensino Fundamental
regular e Eja, ao longo do mês de novembro de 2022, na cidade de Toledo, oeste do
Paraná. Os encontros, foram distribuídos em seis aulas, que visaram possibilitar que
os alunos fossem protagonistas, possíveis criadores e construtores do seu
conhecimento, no estudo da geometria fractal utilizando-se da programação em
blocos, a qual possibilitou o relacionamento interpessoal contribuindo para a melhora
do seu desempenho escolar. A utilização do laboratório de Informática permitiu a
mudança de ambiente e o trabalho em pares, possibilitou que o aluno expresse a sua
opinião e juntos solucionassem as situações em estudo. As atividades permitiram que
os alunos também fossem estimulados a refletirem sobre os próprios erros e acertos.
Ao longo da escrita desta dissertação, foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográficas sobre
os temas trabalhados, tais como: os fractais clássicos; a presença de fractais na
natureza; o surgimento do termo Fractal e a programação visual através do Scratch.
Das dificuldades enfrentadas, pode se destacar a falta de computadores e
infraestrutura, atrasos de alguns alunos para a aula, o que requereu retomada por
parte da pesquisadora. Esse trabalho, nos permitiu compreender a importância da
realização de atividades práticas com a geometria fractal utilizando o Scratch, e suger se como produto uma “Sequência didática sobre elementos de geometria fractal com
o software scratch na educação básica” direcionada para docentes do ensino
fundamental II.
This dissertation seeks to present elements of fractal geometry in order to help the learning of contents of Euclidean Geometry in elementary school, using block programming and has as its theme: Elements of fractal geometry using the Scratch Software in Basic Education. The research is applied, exploratory and descriptive in terms of objectives, with a mixed approach. It starts from a systematic literature review verifying the panorama of teaching fractal geometry in basic education in the period from 2018 to 2021 and a field research with elementary school students II, in the southern region of Brazil. The systematic literature review took place from January to April 2022 and the pedagogical practice was developed with students of the 9th year of regular Elementary School and Eja, throughout the month of November 2022, in the city of Toledo, western Paraná. The meetings were divided into six classes, which aimed to enable students to be protagonists, possible creators and builders of their knowledge, in the study of fractal geometry using block programming, which enabled interpersonal relationships, contributing to the improvement of their school performance. The use of the Computer lab allowed the change of environment and the work in pairs, it allowed the student to express his opinion and together they solved the situations under study. The activities also allowed students to be encouraged to reflect on their own mistakes and successes. Throughout the writing of this dissertation, bibliographic research was carried out on the themes worked on, such as: classic fractals; the presence of fractals in nature; the emergence of the term Fractal and visual programming through Scratch. Of the difficulties faced, the lack of computers and infrastructure, delays of some students to class, which required resumption by the researcher. This work allowed us to understand the importance of carrying out practical activities with fractal geometry using Scratch, and suggested as a product a “Didactic sequence on fractal geometry elements with scratch software in basic education” aimed at elementary school teachers II.
This dissertation seeks to present elements of fractal geometry in order to help the learning of contents of Euclidean Geometry in elementary school, using block programming and has as its theme: Elements of fractal geometry using the Scratch Software in Basic Education. The research is applied, exploratory and descriptive in terms of objectives, with a mixed approach. It starts from a systematic literature review verifying the panorama of teaching fractal geometry in basic education in the period from 2018 to 2021 and a field research with elementary school students II, in the southern region of Brazil. The systematic literature review took place from January to April 2022 and the pedagogical practice was developed with students of the 9th year of regular Elementary School and Eja, throughout the month of November 2022, in the city of Toledo, western Paraná. The meetings were divided into six classes, which aimed to enable students to be protagonists, possible creators and builders of their knowledge, in the study of fractal geometry using block programming, which enabled interpersonal relationships, contributing to the improvement of their school performance. The use of the Computer lab allowed the change of environment and the work in pairs, it allowed the student to express his opinion and together they solved the situations under study. The activities also allowed students to be encouraged to reflect on their own mistakes and successes. Throughout the writing of this dissertation, bibliographic research was carried out on the themes worked on, such as: classic fractals; the presence of fractals in nature; the emergence of the term Fractal and visual programming through Scratch. Of the difficulties faced, the lack of computers and infrastructure, delays of some students to class, which required resumption by the researcher. This work allowed us to understand the importance of carrying out practical activities with fractal geometry using Scratch, and suggested as a product a “Didactic sequence on fractal geometry elements with scratch software in basic education” aimed at elementary school teachers II.
Palavras-chave
Geometria Fractal, Educação Matemática, Software Scratch, Educação Fundamental II, EJA, Programação Visual
