O impacto da Anemia Falciforme no desenvolvimento infantil
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Tipo de documento
TCC
Data de publicação
2025
Departamento
Escola Superior de Saúde Única
Curso
Farmácia
Local de publicação
Campo Largo/Paraná
Modalidade de acesso
Acesso aberto
Autor(es)
Ribeiro, Danielle Wisnievski
Orientador(es)
Sousa, Carolina Oliveira de Almeida de
Coorientador(es)
Membros da banca
Resumo
A anemia falciforme é uma doença genética hereditária que altera a forma dos
glóbulos vermelhos, prejudicando a circulação sanguínea e a oxigenação dos tecidos,
o que pode causar dor intensa, infecções graves, lesões em órgãos e atraso no
crescimento das crianças. Essa condição afeta principalmente pessoas negras e de
origem mediterrânea e, por isso, o diagnóstico precoce- feito pelo teste do pezinho- é
essencial para iniciar o tratamento e reduzir a mortalidade infantil. Crianças com
anemia falciforme enfrentam desafios físicos, emocionais e sociais, como cansaço,
crises de dor, dificuldades escolares, risco de depressão e isolamento. O tratamento
envolve uma equipe multidisciplinar com médicos, enfermeiros, nutricionistas,
psicólogos e farmacêuticos, além de medicamentos, vacinas e o apoio familiar. O
farmacêutico exerce papel fundamental ao orientar sobre o uso correto dos remédios,
identificar sinais de crise e contribuir para a adesão ao tratamento. Entre as terapias
complementares, destacam-se a acupuntura a laser, que alivia dores sem o uso de
agulhas, e o termalismo, que utiliza águas termais para melhorar a circulação e reduzir
as crises. O objetivo foi analisar os impactos da doença no desenvolvimento infantil,
identificar complicações e avaliar a eficácia dos tratamentos atuais. Conclui-se que,
embora não exista cura simples, é possível garantir qualidade de vida por meio de
uma abordagem completa, com cuidado humanizado, acompanhamento constante e
inclusão social da criança e sua família. O estudo reforça a importância da educação
em saúde, do acolhimento no atendimento e da atuação os profissionais de saúde no
enfrentamento das dificuldades causadas pela anemia falciforme.
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary genetic disease that alters the shape of red blood cells, impairing blood circulation and tissue oxygenation. This can cause intense pain, severe infections, organ damage, and delayed growth in children. This condition mainly affects people of African descent and those of Mediterranean origin. Therefore, early diagnosis—done through the newborn screening test—is essential to begin treatment and reduce infant mortality.Children with sickle cell anemia face physical, emotional, and social challenges, such as fatigue, pain crises, school difficulties, risk of depression, and social isolation. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary team including doctors, nurses, nutritionists, psychologists, and pharmacists, along with medications, vaccines, and family support.Pharmacists play a key role by guiding the correct use of medications, identifying signs of crises, and helping ensure treatment adherence. Among complementary therapies, laser 3 acupuncture stands out, as it relieves pain without needles, and thermal therapy, which uses hot springs to improve circulation and reduce crises.The aim was to analyze the impacts of the disease on child development, identify complications, and assess the effectiveness of current treatments. It is concluded that, although there is no simple cure, it is possible to ensure quality of life through a comprehensive approach, with humanized care, constant monitoring, and social inclusion of the child and their family.The study reinforces the importance of health education, welcoming care, and the role of health professionals in facing the challenges caused by sickle cell anemia.
Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary genetic disease that alters the shape of red blood cells, impairing blood circulation and tissue oxygenation. This can cause intense pain, severe infections, organ damage, and delayed growth in children. This condition mainly affects people of African descent and those of Mediterranean origin. Therefore, early diagnosis—done through the newborn screening test—is essential to begin treatment and reduce infant mortality.Children with sickle cell anemia face physical, emotional, and social challenges, such as fatigue, pain crises, school difficulties, risk of depression, and social isolation. Treatment involves a multidisciplinary team including doctors, nurses, nutritionists, psychologists, and pharmacists, along with medications, vaccines, and family support.Pharmacists play a key role by guiding the correct use of medications, identifying signs of crises, and helping ensure treatment adherence. Among complementary therapies, laser 3 acupuncture stands out, as it relieves pain without needles, and thermal therapy, which uses hot springs to improve circulation and reduce crises.The aim was to analyze the impacts of the disease on child development, identify complications, and assess the effectiveness of current treatments. It is concluded that, although there is no simple cure, it is possible to ensure quality of life through a comprehensive approach, with humanized care, constant monitoring, and social inclusion of the child and their family.The study reinforces the importance of health education, welcoming care, and the role of health professionals in facing the challenges caused by sickle cell anemia.
Palavras-chave
Anemia falciforme, Criança, Qualidade de vida, Tratamento, Atenção farmacêutica
